A $400 million chip-backed loan points to the next wave of AI infrastructure deals.

General Compute, an AI inference cloud startup, has landed a $400 million loan from Upper90, a tech investment firm. It might be the first deal to put up inference-specific chips as collateral — chips built to run already trained AI models quickly and efficiently, rather than the more expensive chips used to build the models in the first place. The financing is the latest signal that markets are responding to concerns over the price of AI tools and tokens by turning to infrastructure that runs open source models more cheaply than the newest LLMs from frontier labs. Founded by CEO Finn Puklowski and CTO Jason Goodison, General Compute raised a $15 million seed round in May to build an inference neocloud around silicon from SambaNova, an Intel-backed chipmaker. (Neoclouds are purpose-built for AI workloads, unlike the general-purpose infrastructure offered by traditional hyperscalers like AWS or Azure.) The company’s SN50 chips are designed for inference. They’re power-efficient and don’t require expensive water-cooling systems, which means they can be deployed more quickly than GPUs across a larger variety of data centers. General Compute says the new chips will provide 16 times faster inference than GPU-based clouds. The challenge is getting a lot of these chips, especially when you’re a brand-new company. Upper90 co-founder and CEO Billy Libby, a former Goldman Sachs quantitative trader, had a playbook for this: In 2021, his firm financed GPU purchases by Crusoe, the energy-focused data center startup, which he believes was the first loan against the value of advanced chips. Traditional lenders eschewed such deals at the time because of the risks and uncertainties around GPU depreciation. But as CoreWeave made chips-backed loans into a business model and then the basis of a blockbuster IPO, this kind of financing has become common. “When we financed Nvidia GPUs as the first group to do that, the market was inefficient,” Libby told TechCrunch. “We could really put together something as an early participant, and kind of get compensated for the risk.”